Ancient Nubia: Origins of the Nile Valley Civilization

  Before Egypt, there was Kush, The first great Nile Valley Civilization. The Kushite empire was centered in Nubia and Ethiopia but at times stretched to the Hindu Kush in India. The early capital of Kush was Ta-Seti or Ta-Nehisi The Land of the Bow.
  Ta-Seti was discovered In 1962 by a research team headed by Keith C. Seele, Director of the University of Chicago Oriental Institute Nubian Expedition.
  Bruce Williams, archaeologist at the University of Chicago “A newly discovered ancient kingdom is always a matter of interest, but when it precedes the earliest known monarchy,the unification of Egypt in the fourth millenium bc, then history is reborn.”The first kings of Ta-Seti may well have ruled about 5900 bc.
  Every “main-city” had a Het Net, or temple, dedicated to a chief diety and a Nomarchs residence.
The state rose amoung the mane chiefdoms of the Nile to become most powerful around 3500 bc.
Some of the first Ta-Seti regents ,or rulers, of pre-dynastic Egypt were Tiu, Thesh, Hsekiu, Ro, Ka, Uaznar, Scorpion and Narmer, or Aha-Menes, the first to unite the upper and lower kingdoms. Based on an incense burner found in Qustul cemetary L grave site L-24, established Ta-Seti as the earliest location of Pharaonic Kingship.
  One of the earliest evidence of use of incense by a culture Qustul tombs dated to 3800-3100 bc.
  “Because of her beauty she was called a Kushite.”-midrash Tanhuma, edited by Shlomo Buber(Jerusalem 1963)
  “Ethiopians being in all else wiser than other men, They invented astrology they taught it to the Egyptians.”-Roman writer Lucian
  “Blacks on the other hand,while timid in battle,were keenly intelligent,their mind rendered acute by the heat.”- Vitruvius Pollio
  “Now the Ethiopians were the first of all men, they say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent by the Ethiopians.”-Diodorus Sicolus
  “They add that from them,as from their authors and ancestry, the Egyptians get most of their laws.”-Diodorus Sicolus